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| 论文摘要： | Aquaculture, an essential industry for global food security, increasingly relies on antibiotics such as florfenicol to effectively manage bacterial diseases in aquatic organisms. However, the ecological implications of such interventions, particularly regarding microbial community dynamics in aquaculture systems, remain poorly understood. We conducted a controlled mesocosm experiment by introducing gradient concentrations of florfenicol (0, 10, 100, 1000 mu g/L), and subsequently collected water and sediment samples at intervals of 0, 21, and 42 days. By employing 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, we demonstrated that the synergistic perturbations of water and sediment microbial communities were induced through a combination of gradient dosage of florfenicol and varying timing of administration. During the dosing period, a transient increase in microbial richness was observed in water samples, which was subsequently followed by a decline below the baseline levels. However, the diversity of water microbial communities persisted in ascending, even in the aftermath of the treatment's cessation. In contrast, sediment microbial communities demonstrated resilience, with both richness and community composition returning to baseline levels following treatment, suggesting that sediments may serve as a protective buffer against transient antibiotic disturbances. Furthermore, antibiotic treatments at varying concentrations (10 mu g/L, 100 mu g/L, and 1000 mu g/L) significantly influenced the microbial community structure in both water and sediment. The water microbial communities exhibited high sensitivity to all tested concentrations, with fluctuating impacts on richness and a consistent trend towards increased diversity. In sediment, low and moderate concentrations (10 mu g/L and 100 mu g/L) induced transient disruptions, whereas higher concentrations (1000 mu g/L) promoted resilience, allowing microbial diversity and community structure to recover to baseline levels. These findings emphasize the crucial role of strategic environmental management, in tandem with judicious antibiotic usage, in mitigating adverse effects on aquaculture ecosystems and promote sustainability. |
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